Abstinence-Only vs. Comprehensive Sex Education Essay -- Sex Education

Since the HIV/AIDS pandemic started in the U.S. in the mid 1980s the issue of sex training for American youth has had the consideration of the country. There are around 400,000 high schooler births each year in the U.S, with around 9 billion in related open expenses. STI withdrawal when all is said in done, just as high schooler pregnancy, have put the subject significantly more so on the cutting edge of the nation’s driving issues. The methodology and strategy for appropriate and viable sex instruction has been fervently discussed. Some accept that showing forbearance just until marriage is the best strategy while others accept that a progressively far reaching approach, which incorporates restraint advancement just as preventative data, is important. Forbearance just program educational programs ignore clinical morals and logical precision, and have been observationally demonstrated to be ineffectual; along these lines, exhaustive sex training programs which are restorativel y exact, science-based and experimentally demonstrated ought to be the standard technique for sex instruction for understudies/kids in the U.S. The essential contention which most promoters for restraint just training have is that sex before marriage is shameless, not proper and that forbearance is the main totally successful technique for forestalling youngster pregnancy and STI constriction. These promoters likewise accentuate that condoms are not a definite fire method of forestalling pregnancy and STI constriction. A large number of the defenders for restraint just training accept that instructing youth with data concerning sex and contraception will encourage them to become to start or increment sexual action. Such promoters certify the bringing of adolescent pregnancy down to restraint just training (Collins, Alagira, and Summers 12-13). Some forbearance just advocates likewise de... ...y Practitioner 84.6 (2011): 6. Scholarly OneFile. Web. 4 Apr. 2012. Sonfield, Adam. Sex Education Remains Active Battleground. Contraceptive Technology Update 1 Mar. 2012. Scholarly OneFile. Web. 4 Apr. 2012. High schooler Pregnancy Prevention Focusing on Evidence: Ineffective Abstinence-Only Lessons Being Replaced with Science. The Nation's Health Apr. 2010: 1+. Scholastic OneFile. Web. 4 Apr. 2012. Thomas, . Restraint Only Sex Education Statistics - Final Nail in the Coffin. Open Education: Free Education for All. N.p., 5 Jan 2009. Web. 4 Apr. 2012 US Government Should Stop Funding Abstinence-Only Education: Virginity Pledge Ineffective. Reproductive Health Matters Nov. 2009: 223. Scholarly OneFile. Web. 4 Apr. 2012. Washington Watch: Advocates Seek Support without a doubt Sex Education. Contraceptive Technology Update 1 June 2009. Scholastic OneFile. Web. 4 Apr. 2012.

Composition and Properties of Bronze

Structure and Properties of Bronze Bronze is perhaps the most punctual metal known to man. It is characterized as a combination made of copper and another metal, normally tin. Pieces shift, yet most present day bronze is 88% copper and 12% tin. Bronze may likewise contain manganese, aluminum, nickel, phosphorus, silicon, arsenic,â or zinc. In spite of the fact that, at once, bronze was a composite comprising of copper with tin and metal was a combination of copper with zinc, present day utilization has obscured the lines among metal and bronze. Presently, copper combinations for the most part are called metal, with bronze some of the time thought about a kind of metal. To evade disarray, exhibition halls and authentic messages regularly utilize the comprehensive term copper compound. In science and building, bronze and metal are characterized by their component structure. Bronze Properties Bronze as a rule is a brilliant hard, weak metal. The properties rely upon the particular creation of the combination just as how it has been prepared. Here are some average attributes: Exceptionally ductile.Bronze shows low grinding against other metals.Many bronze amalgams show the irregular property of growing a modest quantity when cementing from a fluid into a strong. For design throwing, this is alluring, as it assists with filling a mold.Brittle, however less so than cast iron.Upon introduction to air, bronze oxidizes, yet just on its external layer. This patina comprises of copper oxide, which in the long run becomes copper carbonate. The oxide layer shields the inside metal from further erosion. Be that as it may, if chlorides are available (as from seawater), copper chlorides structure, which can cause bronze illness a condition wherein erosion works through the metal and decimates it.Unlike steel, striking bronze against a hard surface wont create flashes. This makes bronze valuable for the metal utilized around combustible or dangerous materials. Starting point of Bronze The Bronze Age is the name given to the timeframe when bronze was the hardest metal that was generally utilized. This was the fourth thousand years BC about the hour of the city of Sumer in the Near East. The bronze age in China and India happened at generally a similar time. In any event, during the Bronze Age, there were a couple of things made from meteoritic iron, however the refining of iron was remarkable. The Bronze Age was trailed by the Iron Age, beginning around 1300 BC. In any event, during the Iron Age, bronze was broadly utilized. Employments of Bronze Bronze is utilized in engineering for auxiliary and structure components, for course in view of its grinding properties, and as phosphor bronze in instruments, electrical contacts, and boat propellers. Aluminum bronze is utilized to make machine apparatuses and a few course. Bronze fleece is utilized rather than steel fleece in carpentry since it doesnt stain oak. Bronze has been utilized to make coins. Most copper coins are really bronze, comprising of copper with 4% tin and 1% zinc. Bronze has been utilized since antiquated occasions to make figures. The Assyrian ruler Sennacherib (706-681 BC) professed to be the principal individual to cast immense bronze models utilizing two-section molds, in spite of the fact that the lost-wax technique was utilized to cast forms well before this time.

The Story of Tonight

The Story of Tonight Satisfied It hit me just a little while ago, that today is November 1st. Its been exactly two years since I pressed the submit button on my MIT application. In the span of a lifetime, two years is really not that long. And yet here I am, struggling to remember just exactly where I was 2 years ago.  I have other things on my mind. The thermodynamics midterm next week. The mini prep and plate replications I have to do in lab tomorrow. The list of internship applications I need to fill out. The morning alarm clock that will pull me out of bed with only five hours of sleep. Im stuck in between the lines of my to-do list. In between my hour-by-hour schedule. But today is November 1st. Its been exactly two years since I pressed the submit button on my MIT application. Its also been exactly one week since I watched Hamilton on tour. An entire week of attempting to do justice to one of the most beautiful productions of theatre. Of writing and editing and deleting. And writing again. The only way to really describe the experience of watching Hamilton is to compare it to finishing a really good book. The lights begin to dim. The background music picks up. The spotlight sharply points to the set. The hall goes silent as hundreds of individual breaths are held in still air. One last moment to yourself before youre pulled out of your seat into a three hour hullabaloo of interminable giggling, under breath singing, rhythmic stomping, loud chuckling and silent sobbing. You spend hours indulged into it. Reality and fiction become a big blur. You start to see things through the eyes of the characters. You smile when they smile, cry when they cry. And through it all you learn a little bit more about the world around you. The world in you. An arrow pointing right Previous An arrow pointing right Next And then you make it to the last page of the novel. The last song. The last sentence. The last lyric. And then it’s over. You don’t know what to do with yourself anymore.  And so you do the two things you can do: listen to the playlist on repeat and attempt to make sense of it all by writing a blog post. So here it goes.     Satisfied As I made way to my seat, the air buzzed with a refreshing sense of anticipation and excitement. I took a look around at the sea of people brought together on a mundane Thursday night. It hit me then, in that very moment, that I had zero clue as to what to expect. I  had never listened to the Hamilton soundtrack in its entirety. I knew as much about Alexander as AP US History teaches. And well, it looked like everyone around me was better equipped going in. My friends tell me that I had the better experience because of it. I was experiencing everything for the first time in the most unguided way possible. I shimmied along with King George. I sang along to Dear Theodosia. I laughed along with Thomas Jefferson. I felt the need to jump out of my seat for Hamilton. I cried MULTIPLE TIMES. And to be honest, it was refreshing. It made me feel a bit more human. Senior year, my life mantra was when was the last time you did something for the first time? Theres just something about experiencing something new. Something different. Perhaps its the realization that those experiences make you a different person. That they pick you off of your feet and gently drop you a few steps ahead. And even if its in the smallest of ways, youve changed because of it. And change keeps life interesting. I needed a reminder of that. Raise Your Glass To Freedom Sophomore year has been hard. Its been challenging in ways freshman-year Afeefah didnt think possible. Its become a routine of going to bed incredibly late. Of waking up early. Of starting my day by making a list for the rest of the day. Because suddenly, things seems to be moving faster than I can keep up with. It feels like I dont have enough time to get all the things I want to get done. And so I make a list. Because making a list is the first step to optimization? Right? But sometimes things cant be planned. Because spontaneity is good. And stepping away from campus and taking an Uber down to the Boston Opera House and spending three hours of your life sitting in a theatre, followed by an hour of stage dooring in the cold is an experience that cant be written down. It required throwing psets aside for later and sacrificing a few hours of sleep. It required going with the flow. It required putting my phone aside so that I constantly didnt check time. To a certain extent, Ive become a prisoner to my attempt to become more systematic and more disciplined. And in doing so, Ive forgotten the importance of balance. Of sometimes stepping away from work. Of leaving campus for a while. Of temporarily freeing myself from the interminable responsibilities and tasks I have. Because life isnt meant to be reduced to a list of things to do. Not Gonna Throw Away My Shot In the midst of all of this, I often forget where I am in life. That at some point, Ill look back at these four years. And Ill think about how they changed me. Hopefully for the better. Sometimes, in the moment, we get so focused on the struggles we face. That we forget what were struggling for in the first place. I havent had a single midterm go well this semester. And if anything its broken my self esteem into millions of little pieces. Its left me young, scrappy, and hungry. There have been too many nights of going to bed feeling defeated. Of waking up in the morning feeling drained and tired from constantly trying and not meeting my self expectations. It hits me though, in small doses, that this is my shot. My shot to do something with myself. To become a better version of myself. To shape tomorrow in whatever way I choose. To do something for others. And every day is a new shot. A new chance to wake up excited in the morning. To learn from the people around me. To meet someone new. To foster new friendships. To create storylines and memory pipelines for a lifetime. Its been two years since my journey with MIT began. Since a poster on my wall suddenly became my everyday reality. Im still not sure why Im here. I still wonder to myself what part of me someone else loved enough to let me in. Because to be honest, Im at a point in my life where I really dont know who I am. I dont know what my strengths and weaknesses are. I dont know what my selling point is. But I guess thats the fun of it. Not knowing where Im headed, but knowing that I am blessed and fortunate enough to have shots in the first place. Youll Blow Us All Away Someday, someday. When I look back at senior year, there are many people that come to mind. My parents, who listened to my constant complaining. Who gave me the space I needed when I was swamped with work. Who would bring food to me when I refused to get up to go eat. Who stood with me in moments of success and sat with me in moments of tears. Who constantly reminded me that I didnt need to prove myself to anyone. My brother, who always made sure I blew off steam. Who was the comic relief in months of overwhelming stress and essay writing. My grandparents, my aunts, my uncles, my cousins, who were always a FaceTime call away. Who were a world separate from the encompassing universe of college applications. My  teachers, whose doors were always open after school. Who read over my essays over and over again with patience. Who supported me to the very last minute. My college counselor, who sat with me the evening before my MIT interview to run through a mock. Who assured me, when I was stressed out of m y mind, that all I had to do was believe in the person I was. My friends, who had their own essays to write, and yet would help edit mine. Who were constant reminders of the fleeting nature of senior year. I like to think about all of these people frequently. Because it really does take a village to raise a child.  And if I am where I am in life today, I choose to believe that its in majority due to the people I have been fortunate enough to have in my life. Thinking about those people gives me motivation when I feel like I have none left. And if I keep working at, maybe someday, someday. I might just blow them all away. Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story Watching Hamilton was an affirmation of just how much I love biographies. I love watching them. I love reading them. I love being able to see what a person starts off as and what they ultimately become. To trace back the story of their life. The real beauty comes in realizing that every day is another page of our own personal biography. That were all in the process of writing one bit by bit. And sure, it might not make it to the bookshelves years from now. But that doesnt matter. Because biographies are powerful regardless. Because every second of the day directs our story forward. And as we write our biographies, we dont know where the plot is headed. To a certain extent, life may be writing huge chunks of the biography for us. But you ultimately get to dictate how its told. And thats pretty empowering. And I guess thats my new goal. To take every moment as another addition to the story of me. And perhaps whats even more appealing is being able to look back at the story youve written so far. To think that senior-year Afeefah couldnt possibly have comprehended being in Boston a short two years later. And to think that I now have 19 years of life to look back at. 19 years to be proud of. And that day by day my biography only moves forward. To those currently submerged in college applications, a few things to remember: Seek new experiences. Take breaks. Be spontaneous. Appreciate the people in your life. And most of all enjoy it all. Youre in the process of writing a new chapter for your biography. And when you feel ready for it, consider reading it out loud. Id love to hear all about it. Post Tagged #Applying #Broadway #Deep Breaths #Hamilton #November First #Writing Your Biography

The Rosetta Stone Essay - 1011 Words

The Rosetta Stone In 1799, when Napoleon’s army was dismantling a wall in Rashid, Egypt, they discovered the Rosetta Stone. Little did they know that this 11-inch thick piece of rock would be one of the greatest discoveries in history! It contained Egyptian scripture, with Greek also on the stone. This was used to decode the once lost Egyptian writing system. Before the 1800’s, attempts at trying to uncover the secrets held by the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics found on walls inside numerous tombs were useless. The pictures were falsely believed to be symbolic, representing some sort of object or idea. Something soon changed all of this misconception. 1799 was the year of a great breakthrough in Egyptology. French troops, under†¦show more content†¦Another man who devoted many years of his life to studying the stone was Jean-Francois Champollion. After many years of perseverance, Champollion finally translated the stone in 1822. He accomplished this feat by first recognizing th at hieroglyphs were not symbols, but instead were associated with phonetics, as Thomas Young had proved. (Andrews 166) His first major breakthrough in his studies was in 1808, when he resolved those fifteen signs of the demotic script related with alphabetic letters from the Coptic language. From this he concluded that Coptic language must be based on the remnants of the last of the ancient Egyptian language, and written with the Greek alphabet, which is why it was readable to Champollion and other scholars researching the stone. Also, that the hieroglyphic text was a translation of the Greek, not the reverse, as had been previously believed. By 1818, Champollion had successfully concluded that though some signs were basically ideograms, many of the glyphs had phonetic value, meaning the ancient Egyptian script was at least partially alphabetic. 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Analysis and interpretation of findings about white privileges - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3024 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/07/30 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: White Privilege Essay Did you like this example? Analysis and interpretation of findings Topic (Question): Does white privilege act as a catalysts in the inequality we see today in South Africa? Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis and interpretation of findings about white privileges" essay for you Create order Introduction: in the following essay the concept of white privilege will be investigated on the bases of whether it is the cause of much of the inequality seen today in South Africas. As the topic develops potent questions will emerge like, Can black poverty to a certain extent be blamed on white privilege? or, Why people arent educated about white privilege or to a certain extent challenging it?, but at the same time not falling into the trap of telling a single story from one perspective as Chimamanda Adichie a well-known Nigerian author would put it. As there is a great danger of a single story. This essay will also explore who has the power to deal with privilege and its effects on society. As most feel it would the government with the aid of other political parties (source J and K, the DA having to take over due to the ANC failing to deal with the issue of white privilege and inequality) while others both black and white debate its a case where white people need to realize the power they possess and either share it with those who are disadvantaged because of it or rather attempt to minimize the amount of personal gain due to it (source B and G). Which they either need to give up or share. There have been instances where white privilege was given up or shared this essay will explore why this has not become a common practice. One doesnt have to search for long or hard to see the effects of this privilege. It can be observed on almost every street corner (source A, C and D, the video in which a white male individual assaulted a black on duty police officer, or the white tantrum often thrown in stores to a black service worker, and store security personal or law enforcement officers do not harass white individuals because of their race.) one can easily spot a black beggar being passed by white commuters who dont even look at them twice but as soon as they come across a rare site of a white beggar they are quick to offer them aid, from the element of preference as white is viewed as better. This creating a sense of preference as to why the white beggar was supported and not the black because at the end of the day they are both poor and in need. While in the black community it is felt that the use and abuse of privilege by white people has basically shaped the unequal and unethical communities we live in today. In which their children have to try defy all odds just to become successful while in white homes they are born successful. This being the common mistake yes white privilege does grant white people with certain advantages but there is a need to understand that does not mean they have worked any less than the next black individual. The advantages of white privilege just made it a bit easier for them to achieve all they desire (Source I where the white writer says, I was a beneficiary of an excellent education.)Which is the case with almost all white people while majority of black children come from financially struggling homes. Which results in those children being sent to under equipped, under staffed overcrowded government schools.(Source L, where the writer quotes Mmusi Maimane, when a white child grew up on an educa tion of R70 and black kids R2.75 per day?) is this not a system that was set up to advantage white people. Hence why the racial demographics of the country are not expressed throughout the countrys schools and even the countrys tertiary intuitions. Where the countrys black majority is being excluded from quality education. Hence why the high unemployment rate is backed by the large number of under educated black individual. . But we need to understand that this privilege is inherited by these current generations not created by them so it makes sense for them to be ignorant or even unaware of this privilege as they have grown up with it. Unlike those of colour racism and sense of being inferior as they are excluded from the benefits of white privilege. Which makes them think its acceptable to undermine and disrespect most if not all black people they come into contact with whether old or young because of the fact they are inferior to them (source C and how the writer describes the manner in which the white woman was treating the black service worker). A perfect example of this would be Penny Sparrow and her all too familiar comments on Facebook that describe black beachgoers as monkeys, in an apparent reaction to litter left behind after New Years celebrations, even more so basically stating they are uneducated and that are a source of discomfort to others(white people). Such leading to the conclusion that white people only love and value their own hence to the example of the beggar stated above. The same way a white tragedy gets so much noise and attention compared to a black tragedy. Leading to the argument being white carries power because of the past practices and beliefs of Eugenics and Apartheid which were practiced. Hence why we seem to value white lives more than black lives. (source E, where the writer discusses how the death of Franziska Blochlinger got so much media attention and was talked about for weeks after occurring while black people who get murdered every single day in the townships are not even spoken about) Most black people feel white privilege grants white people with the needed tools to become wealthy in this life an example of such a tool is an excellent education. With an excellent education system life becomes much easier to enroll into university then a dream job. While on the other hand their colored counterparts dont have the luxury of such except for the exceptions such as myself and a few others. But the case remains that black children are being systematically excluded from good schools, either because they are too expensive for them to afford as well as too far for them to try and attend to (source G which talks of the policy of exclusion performed with in tertiary institutions). We can observe white communities forming around the best schools examples of such La Salle College in Florida, Crawford in Sandton and The University of Witwatersrand all of these being highly recommended institutions of education as they offer the best system of education but notice how they are s ituated within white communities while on the other hand standard schools form around black communities like University of Johannesburg Soweto Campus, Mpanza in Diepkloof, Orlando West Secondary School in Orlando, Soweto. All of this institutes have their own black scandals from being overcrowded and having over 60 learners per class, to being under staff, to students being found sleeping in toilets and lecture rooms due them not being able to afford accommodation. Compared to black people in most cases 9 out of 10 times white people have it easier in life. A simple way of showing this is most white people who attend university live in accommodation on campus or two minutes away. While on the other foot a black people either stay on campus because their bursary pays for them to or live a t home which is kilometers away from the campus. Compared to the white learner a black learner has to go through so much on a daily from stressing about whos going to pay their fees in the case of them not being on a bursary. To having to wake up earlier just to use public transport to make it to school on time. They dont have easy access to private laptops, computers or even the web per say there for limiting them to use the school library in cases of doing research for a project or studying for a test. Compared to a white learner whose being sponsored by their parents. They dont have to worry about getting to class on time, or waking up early, or even where t hey are going to sleep. This simply shows that white privilege protects white people from certain hardships and makes it easier for them to do well. (source E, which also expresses white people are shielded from much daily abuse, and an external source the people versus the rainbow nation a video on YouTube, which expresses exactly the concept of shielding in the education aspect of white people having it easier at university than black people who are forced to work twice as hard just to keep up.) This can be easily illustrated by saying if life was a hundred meter sprint/race, between white and black people. White people are predestined to win every time, simply because they run a shorter and easier race. Compared to black people who because of white privilege are put in the backseat, and will always come last no matter how hard they try. Simply put black people are forced to run an extra fifty meters and have hurdles throughout their race. And this concept is not only expressed on the educational level but in every aspect in society. A drive in the township proves this as you will come into contact with a number of black people. Here where black tax manifests its self and is another reason for a lacking representation of the black elites. At the same time you will come into contact with the black youth .With only a handful few who managed to do extremely well in school, better if not equal to their white counterparts and peers. Who should be in university furthering their studies but dont have the funds to pay for it, or the fact the possibility the schools they went to did not offer them the correct subjects needed for them to study in actual careers. But as they come from a families that werent afforded the opportunities needed during Apartheid, like whites were. So they are left on the streets to either hustle to survive. Or waste their lives away on narcotics and crime. While at the exact same time a drive in an all-white suburb such as Sandton. You will come into contact with a number of white people and a handful of black people. Who do not live there but are there as laborers to work. In these communities you will find the youth off doing internships, or even job shadowing either because they were able to get the opportunity for themselves. Or had a parent or relative call in a favor to get them into these positions companies owned by family or friends. Or they are off to university of their choice, because of the fact they went to a solid and well known school. That offered all the right subjects needed, and because they have the funding to. Just that situation alone shows how white privilege has already widened the gap with in society. And that in a sense black people are predestined to stay where they are with in society. Struggling due to lack of opportunities. Crucial opportunities that could project their lives out of the state of survival that they live in. Into a state of which always them to grow and develop towards eradicating poverty within their communities. To blame white privilege for social issues like unemployment is valid due to white privilege having a major role in the education system which basically determines with career one will partake in, it is understandable for blacks to feel they are not being employed because of their poor educational background which basically labels them as limitedly skilled. Even the fact that most of them do not go to university or jump into petty jobs such as cleaners or call agents after matric does not work to their advantage. While on the other hand their white counter parts are as badly affected by unemployment due to white privilege allowing their CV to be as desirable as possible. As in the white candidate went to a good solid school, then to university and even has a bit of work experience while the black candidate went to school and thats about it didnt really do that well either in school. Its more than obvious whos going to get the job. But we must not forget we live in a hard time. Where it is hard to find employment weather one is black or white or qualified or not. As there are even cases of qualified black or white individuals not being able to get employed. The blaming of the use of narcotics even the practicing of crime on white privilege is not viable. As much as it is depressing to be unemployed or living in poverty it does not mean that one should now venture into crime to be able to make money or more so use and abuse drugs to be in a state of artificial happiness and no longer be depressed by the circumstances surrounding them. This a pure case of black complacency and lack of ambition, white privilege to an extent is the cause of poverty , but the alarming rise in crime and drug abuse cannot be blamed on it. This is simply a case of a person surrendering themselves to their circumstances and wanting someone else to get them out of their state of emergency they themselves are not willing to put in the effort to fall into such. As much as one will come into contact with the black youth from mainly Soweto, you will find those who practice crime and use drugs seem to have no desire to be great in life while their peers from the same circumstances are getting a chance to further educate themselves at colleges or are applying for as many job posts as possible in attempt to get a job to be able to pay for their own education at varsity. Others can be seen becoming entrepreneurs starting their own business selling fast foods such as bunny chows or fat cakes even making or altering cloths as they value a brighter future more than sitting around in the sun getting drunk or high plaining the next heist. This is another example of how well shielded white people are from the struggles in life. Furthermore the belief that white privilege strengths the bond between white people. Hence why they only love and care for their own kind can be questioned as seen in source E, with the white woman throwing a tantrum in a Woolworths store to a black service worker, soon turned when Lisa the writer of the article another white women tried confronting the tantrum thrower got a tantrum thrown towards her as well. Clearly showing that the concept of white people loving and caring about their own is farfetched, because white privilege has now poisoned the white body to attack anything that questions or tries to reprimand it. As also seen in source L, where DA leader Mmusi Maimane challenged white privilege within his party was then held in a battle with senior white members who felt that their places within the parliament and party were at jeopardy of being given up in an attempt to diversify the party. Conclusion In conclusion, white privilege is a catalyst that stimulates the issues we are faced with today in South Africa. The likes of high inequality, high numbers of youths unemployed. Who soon venture of to a life of illegal dealings or petty jobs just to be able to survive and not accomplice and achieve what they should. The fact that the racial demographics of our universities and corporate businesses do not represent the racial demographic of our country should speak volumes if not raise questions. The fact that our education system is so different with in white and black communities. White privilege to an extent is a cause of black poverty, but it is not the only factor that contributes to it, the likes of Black complacency and lack of ambition come into play as well. But it can be said white wealth and success is contributed to by white privilege. Allowing for the inequality status between blacks and whites to further widen with each generation. We can also conclude that it is possibl e for a white individual to see that they and their white peers (community) are privileged and for them to make a conscious choice to try limit their personal gain from the privilege if not share its power with those who are disadvantaged because of it. This then proves that white privilege to most white people is an ignorant advantage that they do not notice as they have been exposed to it all their life and assume everyone lives like them. We can also conclude that white tantrum often thrown in store at service works who are often black individuals. Is caused by the corruption of white privilege onto the white body. And that the all to famous tantrum is not only experienced by blacks only but by white people as well therefore showing us that white privilege has a negative affect not only on black people but on white people as well. Furthermore we can conclude the use and value of narcotics as well as crime as a means to escape issues of poverty caused by white privilege is not justifiable. There are black people out there who have had to tackle the same odds as other black people of being dealt the bad hand and also being deprived of opportunities. But after putting in hard work as well as effort have managed to become successful and escape the clutches of poverty. They have managed to go to university even though they come from poor families. They have managed to get well-paying jobs. So to simply blame white privilege for such is only telling one side of the story.

English Literature Romanticism and Victorian Free Essays

The Romantic era is the historical period of literature in which modern readers most begin to see themselves and their own conflicts and desires. As what was mentioned in the class and as what I have researched, English Romanticism in terms of literature is a shift from faith in reason to faith in the senses, feelings, and imagination; a shift from interest in urban society to an interest in the rural and natural; a shift from public, impersonal poetry to subjective poetry; and from concern with the scientific and mundane to interest in he mysterious and infinite. There are various themes on how the authors of romantic literary pieces composed their works. We will write a custom essay sample on English Literature: Romanticism and Victorian or any similar topic only for you Order Now Those themes were based on the main idea of the revolutionary movement initiated during that time which was CHANGE. These people want to veer away from what was ordinary and stale and they came up with this radical change. I do not know if my idea regarding the themes used by romantic poets and writers is correct that is why I made further research. As I went through the research, I came up with these insights regarding the subjects used by romantic writers. Imagination ND emotion are more important than reason and formal rules; imagination is a gateway to transcendent experience and truth. Imagination was one of the keys used by romantic poets and writers to effectively stress out and reveal what they want to convey their readers. They treat imagination with high importance because it was their belief that the only way to attain the highest form of art is to use your imagination. Sometimes, some of the writers do not only rely on their â€Å"usual/ ordinary’ imagination. Sometimes they use other meaner like taking addictive drugs which allows hallucination to happen. For example, Coleridge Kabul Khan was written when Coleridge was high with laudanum, a solution of opium in alcohol used for pain relief. In the last lines, â€Å"Weave a circle round him thrice, and close your eyes with holy dread, for he on honeydew hath fed, and drunk the milk of Paradise†, he is implying that writers like him would be feared for their power to make such poems with the use of extraordinary imagination. Since change is the main idea and reason for romantic movement, having exceptional kind of imagination was one of their vital component. Romantic literature tends to emphasize a love of nature, a respect for romanticism, and a valuing of the common, â€Å"natural† man; Romantics idealize country life and believe that many of the ills of society are a result of arbitration. The Romantics inclined more on the natural aspect of the world rather than the urbanize and modernized sector because they have high respect on these entities. For example, Wordsmith’s sonnet Composed upon Westminster Bridge accentuates the beauty of nature before man had touched and exploited it based on their needs. The lines â€Å"Earth has not anything to show more fair: Dull would he be soul who could pass by, A sight so touching in its majesty†¦ Show the majesty of nature. The poem stresses out the reclaiming of nature’s own from what man has taken away from it. The poem also emphasizes the silence and stillness of nature which makes it great and marvelous. Change is what Romantics aim for but they did not veer away from what natural things/nature should be. They treat nature with divinity and respect. Romantics were attracted to rebellion and revolution, especially concerned with human rights, individualism, and freedom from oppression. Since change is the main reason for Romanticism to upsurge, rebellion and revolution is evident in their works. For example, Flake’s The Chimney Sweeper talks about the abuse experienced by children who were chimney sweepers during that time. The lines â€Å"That thousands of sweepers, Dick, Joe, Ned and Jack, Were all of them locked up in coffins of black† shows that children who were chimney sweepers suffered a lot of harm and their only escape was death. Flake’s work was an effective eye opener of what was happening during that time especially when it comes to child labor. Somehow, it ignites the fire of revolution but the thing about this poem was Blake ended it not with revolutionary kind of movement but with some sort of faith in God. Still, he managed to emphasize the oppression that was happening during that time which may call and did call for upheaval. There was emphasis on introspection, psychology, melancholy, and sadness. Since the Classics tend to feature the theme of mock heroic epic (which was said to be a craft and â€Å"forced†), the Romantics deviate away from it. One of the emphases of the Romantic writers’ works was melancholy. For example, Wordsmith’s The Solitary Reaper has a tone of mystery, loss, nostalgia and loneliness. It was shown in the lines â€Å"Some natural sorrow, loss or pain, that has been ND maybe again? . Sadness was featured on the Romantic works because it was (somehow) the inspiration of the writers for not all of them lived Joyfully and vibrantly. Sadness was also one of the keys for an effective Romantic literary piece. Romantics were interested in the Medieval past, the supernatural, the mystical, the â€Å"gothic,† and the exotic. These things we re also featured in the Romantic works. Authors were very interested in the supernatural, the mystical, the â€Å"gothic,† and the exotic. Most of the literary pieces do contain these things. For example, Coleridge Rime of the Ancient Mariner highlighted these things. The lines â€Å"Her lips were red, her looks were free, her locks were yellow as gold: Her skin was white as leprosy. The Night-mare LIFE-IN-DEATH was she, who thick’s man’s blood with cold† clearly depicts a mysterious woman who appeared out of nowhere aboard in a ship which was already wrecked. These lines (and this poem) lucidly depict the mystery that the Romantic poets’ aim to show the readers the beauty behind mystery and bizarre things which were part of their aim for change. II. Analysis of Romantic and Victorian Poems Victorian period, which encompasses the optimism and progress of Englishmen, was the perpetuation of the Romantic period’s success in fulfilling its aim to obtain change and transformation. Romantic period was the time where the Englishmen perpetuated movement for literature, characterized by reliance on the imagination and subjectivity of approach, freedom of thought and expression, and an idealization of nature. This was also a call for drastic difference and divergence from what was ordinary and normal. This was also a way for the authors to show the reality behind the blindness of oppression and abuse. One good example is Flake’s The Chimney Sweeper. The poem encompasses the details of the truth behind child labor and the cruelty experienced by the children who were employed in this Job. One can see that the poem shows how helpless the children were and there was no escape for them but death itself. It has a tragic and melancholic mode for children who should be given the right to have a good life and a chance to study and improve their condition were exploited and deprived. Flake’s approach was effective for the poem will surely catch the reader’s attention and emotion regarding the focus of the poem. But even though he was successful in establishing these moods for the reader, his ending does not seem to fit the aim of Romantics for change because his ending was stated like â€Å"there would be angels who would open the coffins of these poor children and would accompany them to the Heavenly Father†. Nonetheless, the poem showed what should be changed in his society during his time and somehow, it is an eye-opener and it calls for a revolutionary change. A lot of poems during that time also embody this kind of theme. They, during their time, wanted freedom and transformation. These literary pieces were their weapon, their defense. Movements made for change during Romantic era was successful. Freedom of expression was propagated, change was established. The Englishmen had the chance to grasp the power they were aiming for. They believed they were invincible and this led them to the Victorian period. Victorian period was the period of optimism. Since the Englishmen had the power in their hands, they will do everything to maintain the power that they have. Their craving for improvement, industrialization and education was fulfilled. This is clearly en in some of the Victorian poems created during that time. Kipling Gung Din is a very good example. A lot of analysis given regarding this poem was focused on Gung Din, who was an Indian bassist or water carrier who serves water for British Soldiers. But one aspect that I saw regarding this poem was it entails the power that the Englishmen have. The poem shows that they were superior and even an Indian was very submissive to them even they were Just soldiers (disregarding the ending of the poem wherein the soldier says mire’s a better man than I am, Gung Din). All throughout the poem, Gung Din was described as a poor, low and abused slave and this also indicates that these British soldiers have the power over Gung Din and they can do whatever they want to do on Gung Din and they can ask him to serve them wherever and whenever. Although what I analyzed regarding the poem when relating it to the power and optimism that the Victorians have was negative, still, it exemplifies such. This poem also shows appearances which the Englishmen is trying to do during Victorian period. The soldiers in this poem show power and prudish, unceasing their weaknesses in use of Gung Din. How to cite English Literature: Romanticism and Victorian, Papers

Management Accounting Budgeting Process

Question: Critically discuss the challenges in todays business environment and assess the relevance of budgeting in todays business. Answer: Introduction This study deals with understanding the limitations of annual budgeting process that is adopted by the companies at the time of making business decisions (Wilson, 2013). It has been criticized that annual budgeting is incompetent in meeting the demands of the competitive market in information age. The above statement has been argued and debated by bringing the limitations of annual budgeting system. In this particular assignment proper emphasis has been given on critically analyzing the challenges in recent business environment as well as assessing the relevance of budgeting in the business. Several measures had been identified that will help in mitigating the potential difficulties faced by annual budgeting system (Roche, 2014). In the recent years, it has been found that yearly budgets are accused of being unable of meeting the demands of the spirited surroundings especially in the information age (Drury, 2015). Some of the critics (management consultants) are of the opinion and tried in persuading the companies for changing their management models as part of the criticism. This has been classified as hyperbole. It has been observed that some real actions had taken place in countries like Sweden whereby large companies have abandoned the traditional budgets as a whole. Academic researchers have even showed little interest in this particular phenomenon. The present segment deals with investigating the validity of the criticism as perceived by CFO (Chief Financial Officer) as well as other high-ranking officers especially in large Finnish companies (Mahon McGowan, 2013). According to the result of the survey, few companies planned in abandoning the annual budget. At the same time, some number of respondents majorly represents companies that intend in holding on to the annual budget that indicate strong agreement considering the main elements of the criticism. Some of the respondents are of the opinion that alternative or complementary systems are mostly similar to existing Balanced Scorecard like financial forecasts and monitoring systems (Bourmistrov Kaarbe, 2013). Balanced Scorecard approach play important role as it maintains internal effectiveness as well as communicate information with the shareholders and other interested parties. As rightly put forward by Roberts (2015), Traditional annual budgets belong to the ordinary decision-making tools that are used by organization for various purposes. Addition to that, these conventional budgets based upon given annual secretarial periods as well as associated with forecasting of simple monetary indicators for decentralization of business units. Budgeting is connected with the planning of activities that defines the designing of desired future as well as effective ways. On the contrary, budgets mean detailed plans or plans used for transforming into currency units. This means budgets give the strategic ideas that will be transformed into understandable operative actions (Petrick Quinn, 2014). According to Lohan (2013), there is some evidence noticed whereby traditional budgeting is based upon automatic alteration of non-financial forecasting in the monetary statements by focusing real needs of an association. In other words, it explains the problems related to rigidity of traditional budgets and this act as a restraint as well as inability in taking on board changes in a newly business environment. There is strong criticism noticed relating to traditional budgeting mechanisms (Bourmistrov Kaarbe, 2013). It majorly focus on incapability of traditional budgeting that reflects upon real performance of a particular organization. This will help in utilizing the performance that act as significant issue of worker assessment. On the contrary, other authors balance that traditional budgeting is a relic of the past ages as well as cannot be helpful for bringing change in circumstances as well as necessities in the innovative information age (Mahon McGowan, 2013). Discussion Budgeting as well as planning practices are facing dramatic changes in the present contemporary business environment (Kaplan Norton, 2014). In other words, Traditional annual budgets are widely used for control purposes as well as criticized by limitations that have been replaced by flexible systems resulting to increased level of performance. The main cause of the trend reveals lack of flexibility in traditional budgets that is itself incapable for representing the relevant system of gauging performance. It has been noted that limitation of traditional budgets reveals inflexibility in connecting with changes in the business environment. This help in highlighting the increased unpredictability of business environment as well as bringing out the problems relating to rapid changes at the time of financial crisis that took place in the year 2008. In some circumstances, the expected study was the predictability of individual features of budgets that is relatively low whereby companies g ive accurate predictable future events. It is also intended for comparing the level of predictability of the budget features with given GDP indicators as used by measuring the economy fluctuation levels (Kaplan Atkinson, 2015). It has been noted that high level of predictability for a company revenues as well as material input prices leading to availability of input material from the suppliers (Horngren et al., 2013). In other words, least predictability was noticed at the time of understanding the ability of behavior of competitors. This reveals the predictability of customer demands that is easy in understanding in most of the cases. It was found that greater predictability of external environment will be compared with the Czech companies. Hereby, Czech companies will be acting as suppliers to other EU companies for selling the product on retail market. This will help in negotiating with the future events signifying Czech companies for working in a far predictable environment (Mahon McGowan, 2013). At the time of comparing the level of predictability as well as economy environment fluctuations, it was easy to relate perceived level of predictability in the given budgeting process after viewing the GDP fl uctuations. Most of the Czech companies can less predict the individual features of budgets aligning with higher GDP fluctuation levels. There is huge difference between USA and Canada as they are significant in making relevant conclusions at the time of presenting relevant statistical verification. This includes accuracy of the study that has the potential in influencing the fact whereby there is GDP indicators and fluctuations. These are strongly dependent on economy structure as well as selected time periods (Ekholm Wallin, 2013). Therefore, it is essential for considering the fact by mentioning the possible effects of financial crisis that has negative effect in the accuracy of the study. As rightly put forward by Drury (2015), Traditional budgeting has been majorly criticized for several reasons and limitations. Addition to that, it was claimed that budgeting is incompetent as well as unproductive and incomprehensive. This reveals how budgets get into conflict when an association uses general budget for several purpose like motivation as well as planning. It takes into consideration budgeting as well as planning as an annual ritual for several companies by using additional mechanisms for eradicating weakness. Most of the managers agree with their research that budgeting is ineffective as well as inefficient as it estimates the volume of resources (Bourmistrov Kaarbe, 2013). Budgets act as one of the most contentious decision-making tool. Budgets are even criticize as it is lengthy in nature. Preparation of budgets requires lot of guesswork that takes managerial time that is roughly 20% of time. However, budgets fails in taking into account the major aspects such as customer and quality that leads to ineffective practices in a business changing environment. Therefore, it has been argued that option to traditional budgets are not way considered as budgetary development but superior organization process at the same time (Mahon McGowan, 2013). Measures in Mitigating the Limitations of Budget There are several measures that should be used in minimizing the limitations as far as possible. Efforts should be made in cutting government spending by reducing fiscal deficit. For instance, in Canada they reduced the public spending in significant terms. The other measure is tax increases such as high taxes increase revenues that will help in reducing the budget deficit at the same time. Efforts should be made in lowering the spending as well as lead to fall in economic growth In order to reduce the fiscal deficits; government should be using a combination of policies. One of the key factors will be the timing of deficit reduction plans (Bourmistrov Kaarbe, 2013). The best way in reducing the budget deficit by positive economic growth Conclusion This study elucidates in presenting the overview of companies for predicting the various features of budgets as well as relations with economic fluctuations at the same time. This will contribute towards the discussion in the accounting field. There are several limitations noted in the study such as size of the sample at the time of surveying the subjectivity of the poll as well as results indicating current approach of individual firms in the budgeting process. This aims at indicating the ability of the firm in predicting the individual features of budget depending upon the fluctuations of the budget as measured by using GDP indicator. Reference List Bourmistrov, A., Kaarbe, K. (2013). From comfort to stretch zones: A field study of two multinational companies applying beyond budgeting ideas. Management Accounting Research, 24(3), 196-211. Drury, C. (2015). Management and Cost Accounting 9th Edition, London: Cengage Learning Ekholm, B.G. Wallin, J., (2013). Is the annual budget really dead?. European Accounting Review, 9(4), pp.519-539. Horngren, C. T., Sundem, G. L., Schatzberg, J. O., Burgstahler, D. (2013). Introduction to management accounting. Pearson Higher Ed. Kaplan, R. S., Atkinson, A. A. (2015). Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (2014). The strategy-focused organization: How balanced scorecard companies thrive in the new business environment. Harvard Business Press. Lohan, G. (2013). A Brief History of Budgeting: Reflections on Beyond Budgeting, Its Link to Performance Management and Its Appropriateness for Software Development. In Lean Enterprise Software and Systems (pp. 81-105). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Mahon, J. F., McGowan, R. (2013). Industry as a player in the political and social arena: Defining the competitive environment. Greenwood Publishing Group. Petrick, J. A., Quinn, J. F. (2014). The challenge of leadership accountability for integrity capacity as a strategic asset. Journal of Business Ethics, 34(3-4), 331-343. Roberts, A. (2015). Blacked out: Government secrecy in the information age. Cambridge University Press. Roche, E. M. (2014). Managing information technology in multinational corporations. Barraclough Ltd. Wilson, J. (2013). Financial management for the public services. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).